Haemophilia

An inherited bleeding disorder where blood doesn't clot properly because a clotting factor is missing.

BloodInheritedLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

Easy bruising, bleeding into joints and muscles, prolonged bleeding after cuts, dental work or surgery.

Common Treatments

Replacement of the missing clotting factor, preventive treatment, and newer medicines.

Risk Factors

Inherited, usually passed from mothers to sons.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Haemophilia A (factor VIII) and B (factor IX) mostly affect males. Women can be carriers.

Repeated bleeding into joints causes damage, so early and preventive treatment is important.

Symptoms

Easy bruising

Large bruises.

Joint bleeds

Painful, swollen joints.

Prolonged bleeding

After cuts or tooth extraction.

Head injury

Any head injury needs urgent care.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Inherited lack of clotting factor VIII or IX.

Key Risk Factors

  • Family history Inherited through the X chromosome.
  • Sex Mostly males.
  • New mutations Sometimes no family history.

Management & Treatment

01. Factor replacement

Infusions of the missing factor.

02. Prophylaxis

Regular preventive treatment.

03. Avoid

NSAIDs and aspirin; inform dentists and surgeons.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can girls have haemophilia?
Rarely; carriers may have mild bleeding.
Is treatment available in India?
Yes, at haemophilia treatment centres.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.