Ringworm (Fungal Skin Infection)

A common fungal skin infection causing an itchy, ring-shaped red rash. Despite the name, it isn't caused by a worm.

SkinFungalLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

An itchy, red, scaly patch, often ring-shaped with a clearer centre, on the body, groin, feet or scalp.

Common Treatments

Antifungal creams for several weeks; tablets for widespread, scalp or stubborn infections.

Risk Factors

Hot and humid weather, sweating, tight clothing, sharing towels and close contact with infected people or animals.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Ringworm (tinea) is caused by fungi that live on the skin, hair and nails. It's very common in India's hot, humid climate and can affect the body, groin (jock itch), feet (athlete's foot) and scalp.

In recent years, ringworm in India has become harder to treat. Using steroid-containing creams makes it worse, so it's important to use the right antifungal treatment for long enough.

Symptoms

Itchy rash

A red, scaly, ring-shaped patch with raised edges.

Athlete's foot

Itchy, cracked skin between the toes.

Groin rash

Red, itchy rash in the groin and inner thighs.

Scalp ringworm

Scaly patches and hair loss, mostly in children.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Infection of the skin's outer layer by fungi called dermatophytes, which thrive in warm, moist areas.

Key Risk Factors

  • Heat and sweat Humid weather and sweaty, tight clothing.
  • Sharing items Towels, clothes, combs and footwear.
  • Steroid creams Using creams containing steroids can make the infection spread and harder to treat.

Management & Treatment

01. Antifungal cream

Such as clotrimazole or terbinafine, used for at least two weeks after the rash clears.

02. Antifungal tablets

For widespread, scalp or recurring infections, as prescribed.

03. Keep skin dry

Wear loose cotton clothes, dry well after bathing and don't share towels.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should I use a cream with a steroid?
No. Steroid combination creams sold over the counter can make ringworm worse.
Why does it keep coming back?
Stopping treatment too early, re-infection from family members or clothes, and moist skin.
Is it contagious?
Yes, through direct contact and shared items.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.