Vaginal Thrush

A common yeast infection causing vaginal itching, soreness and thick white discharge.

Women's healthFungalLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

Itching and soreness around the vagina, thick white discharge, and pain during sex or when passing urine.

Common Treatments

Antifungal pessaries, creams or tablets such as clotrimazole or fluconazole.

Risk Factors

Antibiotics, pregnancy, diabetes, weakened immunity and tight synthetic clothing.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Thrush is caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast, which normally lives harmlessly in the vagina.

It isn't a sexually transmitted infection. Repeated thrush should be checked, for example for diabetes.

Symptoms

Itching

Around the vagina.

Discharge

Thick, white, like cottage cheese.

Soreness

And redness.

Pain

During sex or passing urine.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Overgrowth of Candida yeast.

Key Risk Factors

  • Antibiotics Disturb normal bacteria.
  • Diabetes High sugar levels.
  • Pregnancy Hormonal changes.

Management & Treatment

01. Antifungal treatment

Pessaries, creams or a single tablet.

02. Comfort

Loose cotton underwear.

03. Check causes

For recurrent thrush.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should my partner be treated?
Usually not, unless they have symptoms.
Can I use douches?
No, they can upset the natural balance.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.