Radiology• Updated 21 October 2026
Barium Swallow
An X-ray test where you swallow a chalky liquid so the food pipe and stomach show up on X-ray.
Results: A few days
Quick Summary
Primary Purpose
To investigate swallowing problems, reflux and narrowing of the food pipe.
What It Measures
Shape and movement of the oesophagus and stomach.
Preparation
Fast for several hours before.
Overview
Barium coats the lining so it shows up on X-ray.
Endoscopy is often preferred, but barium shows movement well.
What It Measures
Swallowing
How liquid moves.
Narrowing
Strictures or pouches.
How It's Performed
- 01
Drink
Swallow barium liquid while X-rays are taken.
- 02
Positions
You may be tilted on the table.
- 03
Afterwards
Drink water; stools may be white for a day or two.
Sources and further reading
Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.
- Barium Swallow(opens in a new tab) · MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine