Alopecia Areata
An autoimmune condition causing patchy hair loss, usually on the scalp. Hair often grows back.
HairAutoimmuneLast updated: 21 October 2026
Quick Summary
Primary Symptoms
Round, smooth bald patches on the scalp, beard or eyebrows; sometimes nail pitting.
Common Treatments
Often regrows on its own; steroid injections or creams and other treatments can help.
Risk Factors
Family history, other autoimmune conditions and stress.
Overview
The immune system attacks hair follicles, but doesn't destroy them, so regrowth is possible.
It isn't contagious and isn't caused by poor hygiene.
Symptoms
Bald patches
Round and smooth.
Nail changes
Pitting or ridges.
Eyebrow or lash loss
Sometimes.
Emotional impact
Stress and self-consciousness.
Causes & Risk Factors
Biological Causes
Autoimmune attack on hair follicles.
Key Risk Factors
- Family history Of alopecia areata.
- Autoimmune conditions Thyroid disease, vitiligo.
- Stress May trigger episodes.
Management & Treatment
01. Watchful waiting
Many regrow within a year.
02. Steroids
Injections or creams.
03. Other treatments
For extensive hair loss.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will my hair grow back?
Often yes, especially with small patches.
Is it contagious?
No.
Sources and further reading
Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.
- Hair Loss | Alopecia | Alopecia Areata(opens in a new tab) · MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine