Breast Cancer

The most common cancer in women in India. Found early, it's highly treatable.

CancerLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

A new lump in the breast or armpit, change in breast size or shape, nipple changes or discharge, and skin dimpling.

Common Treatments

Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy, depending on type and stage.

Risk Factors

Older age, family history, BRCA genes, late first pregnancy, not breastfeeding, obesity and alcohol.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Breast cancer starts when breast cells grow out of control. In India, it's often found at a later stage, so awareness and early checks matter.

Women should know how their breasts normally look and feel and see a doctor about any change. Screening mammograms are recommended for some age groups.

Symptoms

Breast lump

Usually painless.

Skin changes

Dimpling, redness or orange-peel skin.

Nipple changes

Turning inwards or discharge, especially blood.

Armpit lump

Swollen lymph nodes.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Changes in the DNA of breast cells; hormones and genes play a part.

Key Risk Factors

  • Age and genes Risk rises with age; BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
  • Hormonal factors Early periods, late menopause, late first pregnancy.
  • Lifestyle Obesity, alcohol and inactivity.

Management & Treatment

01. Surgery

Removing the lump or breast.

02. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy

To kill cancer cells.

03. Hormone and targeted therapy

For specific types.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are most breast lumps cancer?
No, most aren't, but every new lump should be checked.
Can men get breast cancer?
Yes, though it's rare.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.