Bronchitis

Inflammation of the airways in the lungs, causing a cough with mucus. Acute bronchitis usually follows a cold and gets better on its own.

LungsInfectionLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

A cough that may bring up mucus, sore throat, tiredness, chest discomfort and mild wheezing.

Common Treatments

Rest, fluids, and paracetamol or ibuprofen. Antibiotics usually aren't needed.

Risk Factors

Colds and flu, smoking, air pollution and weakened immunity.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a virus and gets better within three weeks, although the cough can linger.

Chronic bronchitis, a cough with mucus lasting at least three months for two years in a row, is a form of COPD and is usually linked to smoking.

Symptoms

Cough

With clear, yellow or green mucus.

Chest discomfort

Soreness from coughing.

Tiredness

With aches and a mild fever.

See a doctor

For breathing difficulty, high fever, coughing blood or a cough lasting more than three weeks.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Viral infection (or sometimes bacteria) inflaming the bronchial tubes.

Key Risk Factors

  • Infections Colds and flu.
  • Smoking Raises the risk of both acute and chronic bronchitis.
  • Pollution Smoke, dust and fumes.

Management & Treatment

01. Rest and fluids

Drink plenty and rest.

02. Symptom relief

Paracetamol or ibuprofen, honey and warm drinks.

03. Avoid smoke

Stop smoking and avoid smoky places.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need antibiotics?
Usually not, as most bronchitis is viral.
How long does the cough last?
Often up to three weeks.
Is bronchitis contagious?
The viruses that cause it can spread.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.