Fibromyalgia

A long-term condition causing widespread body pain, tiredness and poor sleep, without damage to muscles or joints.

PainLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

Widespread pain and tenderness, extreme tiredness, unrefreshing sleep, poor memory ('fibro fog') and headaches.

Common Treatments

Regular gentle exercise, sleep improvement, talking therapies and some medicines for pain.

Risk Factors

Being female, stress, other rheumatic conditions, and family history.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Fibromyalgia is thought to involve changes in how the brain and nerves process pain signals.

It doesn't damage the body and isn't life-threatening, but it can be very disabling. A combination of treatments works best.

Symptoms

Widespread pain

Aching all over.

Fatigue

Exhaustion even after rest.

Poor sleep

Waking unrefreshed.

Fibro fog

Poor concentration and memory.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Altered pain processing in the nervous system; triggers include stress, illness and injury.

Key Risk Factors

  • Sex More common in women.
  • Stress Emotional or physical trauma.
  • Other conditions Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

Management & Treatment

01. Exercise

Gradually increased aerobic exercise.

02. Therapy

CBT and stress management.

03. Medicines

Amitriptyline, duloxetine or pregabalin.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it all in my head?
No. The pain is real, though tests are usually normal.
Will it get worse?
It doesn't damage joints and often improves with treatment.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.