Liver Cancer

Cancer that starts in the liver, usually in people with cirrhosis or long-term hepatitis B or C.

CancerLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

Upper right tummy pain, weight loss, loss of appetite, jaundice, swollen tummy and tiredness.

Common Treatments

Surgery, liver transplant, local treatments, and medicines for advanced cancer.

Risk Factors

Hepatitis B and C, cirrhosis, alcohol, fatty liver disease and aflatoxin.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

The most common type is hepatocellular carcinoma. People with cirrhosis should have regular ultrasound checks to find it early.

Vaccination against hepatitis B and treating hepatitis C lower the risk.

Symptoms

Tummy pain

Upper right side.

Weight loss

And poor appetite.

Jaundice

Yellow skin and eyes.

Swollen tummy

Fluid build-up.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Long-term liver damage leading to cancerous changes.

Key Risk Factors

  • Hepatitis B and C Major causes.
  • Cirrhosis From any cause.
  • Alcohol and fatty liver Increase risk.

Management & Treatment

01. Surgery or transplant

For early cancer.

02. Local treatments

Ablation or chemoembolisation.

03. Medicines

Targeted and immunotherapy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who should be screened?
People with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B.
Can it be prevented?
Hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis C treatment and avoiding alcohol.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.