Opioid painkillerPrescription only

Tramadol

Tablet or capsule

Quick Summary

Tramadol is an opioid-type painkiller that also affects serotonin. It can cause dependence, so it's used for short periods.

Moderate to severe pain
Some long-term pain

Medical Uses

Moderate to severe pain: After injury or surgery.
Some long-term pain: Under close medical supervision.

How it's taken

Take it exactly as prescribed, for the shortest time possible. Don't drink alcohol with it.

Your doctor decides the right dose for you and how long to take it.

Your doctor decides the right dose for you. Follow their instructions and the label.

Common Side Effects

Nausea

And vomiting.

Dizziness and drowsiness

Don't drive if affected.

Constipation

Common.

Interactions

Alcohol and sedatives

Dangerous drowsiness and slowed breathing.

Antidepressants

Risk of serotonin syndrome and fits.

Other opioids

Increase side effects.

Critical Warnings

Dependence and misuse

Black Box Warning: Can be habit-forming. Don't stop suddenly after long use.

Fits

Black Box Warning: Can cause seizures, especially in people with epilepsy.

Breathing problems

Slowed breathing with overdose: emergency.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.

Related Topics

Paracetamol