Bilirubin Test
A blood test that measures bilirubin, which causes jaundice when high.
Quick Summary
To investigate jaundice in adults and newborns.
Total, direct and indirect bilirubin.
No special preparation.
Overview
Bilirubin comes from the breakdown of red blood cells and is processed by the liver.
Newborn jaundice is common and is checked to decide whether treatment is needed.
What It Measures
Total bilirubin
All bilirubin.
Direct bilirubin
Processed by the liver.
Indirect bilirubin
Not yet processed.
How It's Performed
- 01
Preparation
Usually no special preparation. Tell the staff about medicines you take.
- 02
Blood sample
A small amount of blood is taken from a vein in your arm with a thin needle.
- 03
Afterwards
Press on the spot for a minute. A small bruise is common; you can go back to normal activities.
Reference Ranges
Note: Normal ranges vary by laboratory. Consult your report for the specific reference used.
| Parameter | Typical Range (Adult) | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Total bilirubin | 0.3–1.2 | mg/dL |
| Direct bilirubin | 0–0.3 | mg/dL |
Interpreting Results & Next Steps
Discuss with Doctor
Newborn levels are interpreted using age-specific charts. Normal ranges differ between laboratories, ages and sexes; always use the range printed on your report and ask your doctor what your results mean.
If values are High:
High indirect bilirubin suggests red cell breakdown or Gilbert's syndrome; high direct bilirubin suggests liver or bile duct problems.
Sources and further reading
Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.
- Bilirubin Blood Test(opens in a new tab) · MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine