Liver Function Test (LFT)
A group of blood tests that check how well your liver is working and look for liver damage.
Quick Summary
To check for liver disease, monitor hepatitis, alcohol effects or medicines that affect the liver.
Bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, albumin and total protein.
Usually no fasting needed unless other tests are done.
Overview
LFTs show liver cell damage, bile flow problems and how well the liver makes proteins.
They're often done with jaundice, tummy pain, before and during some medicines, and in people who drink heavily.
What It Measures
Bilirubin
High levels cause jaundice.
ALT and AST
Enzymes released when liver cells are damaged.
ALP and GGT
Raised with bile duct problems.
Albumin
A protein made by the liver.
How It's Performed
- 01
Preparation
Usually no special preparation. Tell the staff about medicines you take.
- 02
Blood sample
A small amount of blood is taken from a vein in your arm with a thin needle.
- 03
Afterwards
Press on the spot for a minute. A small bruise is common; you can go back to normal activities.
Reference Ranges
Note: Normal ranges vary by laboratory. Consult your report for the specific reference used.
| Parameter | Typical Range (Adult) | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Total bilirubin | 0.3–1.2 | mg/dL |
| ALT | 7–56 | U/L |
| AST | 10–40 | U/L |
| ALP | 44–147 | U/L |
| Albumin | 3.5–5.0 | g/dL |
Interpreting Results & Next Steps
Discuss with Doctor
Normal ranges differ between laboratories, ages and sexes; always use the range printed on your report and ask your doctor what your results mean.
If values are Low:
Low albumin can mean long-term liver disease, poor nutrition or kidney protein loss.
If values are High:
High ALT/AST suggests liver cell damage (hepatitis, fatty liver, alcohol, medicines). High bilirubin causes jaundice.
Sources and further reading
Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.
- Liver Function Tests(opens in a new tab) · MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine