Pulse Oximetry
A quick, painless clip on the finger that measures oxygen levels in the blood.
Quick Summary
To check oxygen in breathing illnesses such as COVID-19, pneumonia and asthma.
Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate.
Remove nail polish; warm cold hands.
Overview
Home pulse oximeters became common during COVID-19.
Readings can be less accurate with cold hands, poor circulation, nail polish and some darker skin tones.
What It Measures
SpO2
Percentage of oxygen-carrying haemoglobin.
Pulse
Heart rate.
How It's Performed
- 01
Clip
Place it on a fingertip.
- 02
Wait
Keep still until the reading settles.
- 03
Record
Note the steady number.
Reference Ranges
Note: Normal ranges vary by laboratory. Consult your report for the specific reference used.
| Parameter | Typical Range (Adult) | Units |
|---|---|---|
| SpO2 (healthy adults) | 95–100 | % |
Interpreting Results & Next Steps
Discuss with Doctor
Your doctor will explain the report and what happens next.
If values are Low:
Readings below about 94% need medical advice; below 90% is urgent.
Sources and further reading
Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.
- Pulse Oximetry(opens in a new tab) · MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine