Dengue

A viral infection spread by Aedes mosquitoes, causing high fever, severe body aches and sometimes dangerous bleeding.

InfectionMosquito-borneLast updated: 21 October 2026

Quick Summary

Primary Symptoms

Sudden high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash and tiredness.

Common Treatments

Rest, plenty of fluids and paracetamol for fever. Severe dengue needs hospital care. Avoid ibuprofen and aspirin.

Risk Factors

Living in or travelling to areas with Aedes mosquitoes, especially in and after the monsoon; a previous dengue infection.

OverviewSymptomsCausesTreatmentFAQ

Overview

Dengue is caused by a virus spread by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, which bite mainly during the day. It's common in India, especially during and after the monsoon.

Most people recover in about a week, but a small number develop severe dengue, with bleeding, low platelets and shock, usually as the fever goes down. Knowing the warning signs and seeking care early saves lives.

Symptoms

High fever

Sudden fever, often very high, lasting two to seven days.

Severe body pain

Muscle, joint and bone pain, sometimes called 'breakbone fever'.

Pain behind the eyes

Along with a severe headache.

Warning signs

Severe tummy pain, repeated vomiting, bleeding gums or nose, black stools, drowsiness or restlessness need urgent care.

Causes & Risk Factors

Biological Causes

Infection with one of four dengue viruses, passed on by mosquito bites. A second infection with a different type can carry a higher risk of severe dengue.

Key Risk Factors

  • Mosquito exposure Standing water in coolers, pots, tyres and containers lets Aedes mosquitoes breed.
  • Season Cases rise during and after the rainy season.
  • Previous dengue Infection with a different dengue type later can be more severe.

Management & Treatment

01. Fluids and rest

Drink plenty of fluids such as water, oral rehydration solution and soups.

02. Paracetamol for fever

Use paracetamol as advised. Avoid ibuprofen, aspirin and other anti-inflammatory painkillers, which can increase bleeding.

03. Monitoring

Doctors may check platelet count and haematocrit. Severe dengue is treated in hospital with fluids.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is there a medicine to cure dengue?
No specific medicine kills the virus. Care focuses on fluids, rest and watching for warning signs.
Do platelet counts always need a transfusion?
No. Most people with low platelets recover without one. Doctors decide based on bleeding and overall condition.
How can I prevent dengue?
Remove standing water around your home, use mosquito repellent and nets, and wear long sleeves.

Sources and further reading

Last updated 21 October 2026. For more detail, see these trusted health organisations.